The Keysight (Agilent/HP) E4431B is a 250 kHz to 2 GHz digital RF signal generator from the ESG-D series. It provides versatile analog and digital modulation capabilities, an internal baseband generator with 40 MHz sample rate, and extensive support for custom and standard communications formats, making it highly suitable for R&D, manufacturing, and troubleshooting applications.

Specifications

Frequency

ParameterValue
Minimum Frequency250 kHz
Maximum Frequency2 GHz
Frequency Resolution0.01 Hz

Output

ParameterValue
Phase Noise< -116 dBc/Hz (1 GHz carrier, 20 kHz offset)

Modulation

ParameterValue
ModulationAM, FM, Phase, Pulse, Custom Digital (FSK, MSK, PSK, QAM)
Sweep ModesStep, List (Frequency and Power)

General

ParameterValue
Reference Oscillator10 MHz
InterfacesGPIB, RS-232

Physical

ParameterValue
Dimensions (W×H×D)426 × 133 × 432

Frequency Characteristics

ParameterValue
Internal Reference Frequency10 MHz

Amplitude / Output Characteristics

ParameterValue
Amplitude Resolution0.02 dB
Output Impedance50 Ω
Reverse Power Protection (RF)50 W
Reverse Power Protection (DC)50 V

Connectivity & Interfaces

ParameterValue
RF Output ConnectorType-N (female)

Power

ParameterValue
Power Consumption200 W maximum

Environmental

ParameterValue
Operating Temperature0 °C to 55 °C
Storage Temperature-40 °C to 71 °C
Operating Humidity5% to 95% RH, non-condensing (up to 40°C)
Maximum Altitude4,600 m (15,000 ft)

Spectral Purity

ParameterValue
Harmonics< -30 dBc (output ≤ +4 dBm)
Non-harmonics (Spurious, 250 kHz to 1 GHz)< -65 dBc
Non-harmonics (Spurious, 1 GHz to 2 GHz)< -59 dBc

Performance

ParameterValue
Frequency Switching Speed< 45 ms
Amplitude Switching Speed< 30 ms
VSWR< 1.5:1 (typical, output < 0 dBm)

Internal Modulation Source

ParameterValue
LF Generator Frequency Range0.1 Hz to 50 kHz
LF Generator WaveformsSine, square, ramp, triangle, pulse, noise

Inputs & Outputs

ParameterValue
External I/Q InputsBNC female, 50 Ω (front panel)

Compliance

ParameterValue
Safety ComplianceIEC 61010-1, EN 61010-1, CSA C22.2 No. 1010.1

Technology

Digital RF / Microwave

Applications

Research & Development, Manufacturing, Wireless Communications Testing