The Keithley Model 2016 is a high-performance 6.5-digit audio analyzing digital multimeter (DMM). It combines standard high-accuracy DMM capabilities with high-quality audio band measurements, including Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), THD+Noise, and SINAD. Designed with a built-in 20Hz to 20kHz low-distortion sine wave generator, the Model 2016 provides dual output levels of up to 9.5Vrms single-ended or 19Vrms differential, making it ideal for characterizing audio-band devices, telecommunication systems, and automotive entertainment components.
Specifications
General
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Interfaces | GPIB (IEEE-488.2), RS-232 |
Physical
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Operating Temperature | 0 °C to 50 °C |
| Dimensions (W×H×D) | 213 mm × 89 mm × 370 mm |
DC Voltage Specifications
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| DCV Measurement Ranges | 100 mV, 1 V, 10 V, 100 V, 1000 V |
| DCV Resolution | 100 nV (6.5-digit resolution on 100 mV range) |
| Input Resistance | >10 GΩ on 100 mV, 1 V, 10 V ranges; 10 MΩ ±1% on 100 V, 1000 V ranges |
| Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR) | >120 dB at DC, 50 Hz or 60 Hz (with 1 kΩ imbalance) |
| Normal Mode Rejection Ratio (NMRR) | >60 dB at 50 Hz or 60 Hz |
AC Voltage Specifications
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| ACV Measurement Ranges | 100 mV, 1 V, 10 V, 100 V, 750 V |
| ACV Resolution | 100 nV |
| ACV Frequency Range | 3 Hz to 300 kHz |
| ACV Crest Factor | 5:1 at full scale |
| ACV Input Impedance | 1 MΩ ±2% in parallel with <100 pF |
Resistance Specifications
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Resistance Measurement Ranges | 100 Ω, 1 kΩ, 10 kΩ, 100 kΩ, 1 MΩ, 10 MΩ, 100 MΩ |
| Resistance Resolution | 100 μΩ |
| Max Lead Resistance (4-Wire) | 10% of range per lead (100 Ω range); 1 kΩ per lead (all other ranges) |
Current Specifications
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| DCI Measurement Ranges | 10 mA, 100 mA, 1 A, 3 A |
| ACI Measurement Ranges | 1 A, 3 A |
| ACI Frequency Range | 3 Hz to 5 kHz |
Audio Band Sine Wave Generator
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Frequency Range | 20 Hz to 20 kHz |
| Output Voltage Range (Balanced) | 0 to 19 Vrms differential |
| Output Voltage Range (Unbalanced) | 0 to 9.5 Vrms single-ended |
Audio Distortion Analyzer
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| THD Accuracy | ±0.8 dB from 20 Hz to 20 kHz |
| THD+Noise Accuracy | ±0.8 dB from 20 Hz to 20 kHz |
| SINAD Accuracy | ±0.8 dB from 20 Hz to 20 kHz |
System Speed and Memory
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Reading Rate to Memory | Up to 2000 readings/s (at 4.5-digit resolution) |
| Reading Rate to GPIB | Up to 2000 readings/s (at 4.5-digit resolution) |
| Internal Buffer Capacity | 1024 readings |
Connectivity and Control
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| GPIB Interface | IEEE-488.2 conforming |
| Trigger Link Interface | 8-pin micro-DIN |
Environmental and Safety
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Storage Temperature | -40 °C to 70 °C |
| Operating Humidity | 80% R.H. non-condensing up to 35 °C |
| Warm-up Time | 1 hour to rated specs |
Audio Generator
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Source Frequency Range | 20 Hz - 20 kHz |
Power Specifications
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Line Voltage Ranges | 100 V / 120 V / 220 V / 240 V ±10% |
| Line Frequency Range | 45 Hz - 66 Hz and 360 Hz - 440 Hz (automatically sensed) |
DMM Measurements
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Diode Test Current Source | 1 mA |
Input Protection
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Maximum Common Mode Voltage | 500 V peak (LO to Earth) |
| Current Input Protection | 3 A, 250 V fast-acting fuse |
Temperature Measurement
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| RTD Temperature Measurement Range | -200 °C to +630 °C |
Technology
6.5-digit Audio Analyzing Digital Multimeter
Applications
Audio-band device characterization, THD/SINAD testing, telecommunications hardware, and automotive infotainment testing