Keysight PSG Series Signal Generators

The primary division within the PSG series lies between purely analog models and complex vector signal generators. Analog models like the E8257D, E8257C-540, E8241A, and E8663D provide continuous wave (CW) output alongside traditional AM, FM, Phase, and Pulse modulation formats. These are optimal for local oscillator substitution, continuous-sweep testing, and general-purpose RF stimulus.

In contrast, the E8267D and its E8267D-544 configuration introduce comprehensive vector (I/Q) modulation capabilities. Equipped with an internal baseband generator supporting a 100 MSa/s sample rate and 14-bit vertical resolution, the E8267D series enables complex digital modulation formats such as PSK, QAM, FSK, MSK, and custom I/Q. This makes the vector models essential for advanced receiver testing and wideband signal simulation.

The PSG series scales from low RF up to millimeter-wave bands. The E8663D focuses on lower-frequency RF ranges, offering operational limits of 100 kHz up to 3.2 GHz (Option 503) or 9.0 GHz (Option 509). For microwave applications, the E8241A provides coverage up to 20 GHz with a frequency resolution of 0.01 Hz.

For higher-frequency requirements, the E8257C-540 operates up to 40 GHz, while the vector-based E8267D and E8267D-544 configurations provide coverage up to 44 GHz. The analog E8257D delivers the widest standard frequency coverage in the family, reaching 67 GHz (operational to 70 GHz). Furthermore, the E8257D allows frequency extension up to 325 GHz using external Oleson Microwave Labs millimeter-wave modules.

Output power levels across the PSG series are highly configurable. The analog E8257D delivers up to +23 dBm at 20 GHz (typical) and can be configured with Option 521 to achieve output power exceeding +30 dBm. The E8241A can also be configured with a high output power option (Option 1EA) and a step attenuator (Option 1E1).

Signal purity remains a hallmark of the PSG family. Standard models like the E8257D and E8267D feature a typical phase noise of -115 dBc/Hz at a 10 kHz offset from a 10 GHz carrier. For extreme spectral purity at lower frequencies, the E8663D is specifically engineered to provide low close-to-carrier phase noise. The E8241A can also be enhanced with Option UNJ for improved phase noise performance.

Keysight has designed these instruments with legacy compatibility in mind. The E8257D maintains 100% code compatibility with previous PSG generations. Similarly, the E8663D offers backward command-set compatibility with legacy Agilent HP models, including the 8662A, 8663A, and E8663B, and is fully compatible with E5500 and 3048A phase noise test systems. For scalar network analysis, the E8257C-540 is fully automated for use with the Agilent 8757D scalar network analyzer.